Numerical Analysis of Restrained Continuous Steel Columns under Standard Fire

The steel column performance in realistic structures during a fire has yet to be fully understood because existing research emphasizes single-story performance, thereby disregarding the influence of continuous columns multi-story configurations devoid fire. This paper presents numerical study comprehend overall structural columns, considering effect loading ratios, restraint continuity, and single-sided lateral moments. An advanced model was initially developed using ABAQUS validated against experimental tests. subsequently employed investigate effects several parameters, including axial ratios (α = 0.05–0.35) load (n 0.3–0.8). findings indicated that within designed range have slightly beneficial impact on resistance columns. continuity did not exert significant Additionally, comparison showed current design approach EN 1993-1-2 conservative for predicting limiting temperature internal edge